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To cut through some of the confusion surrounding bitcoin, we need to separate it into two components. On the one hand, you've got bitcoin-the-token, a snippet of code that represents ownership of an electronic concept sort of like a virtual IOU. On the other hand, you've got bitcoin-the-protocol, a dispersed network which maintains a ledger of balances of bitcoin-the-token.
The system enables payments to be sent between users without passing through a central authority, like a bank or payment gateway. It is made and held electronically. Bitcoins arent printed, for example dollars or euros theyre produced by computers all around the world, using free software.
It was the first example of what we call cryptocurrencies, a growing asset class which shares some characteristics of traditional currencies, together with verification based on cryptography.
A pseudonymous software developer going by the name of Satoshi Nakamoto proposed bitcoin in 2008, as an electronic payment method based on mathematical proof. The idea was to produce a means of exchange, independent of any central authority, which may be transferred electronically in a secure, verifiable and immutable way.
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Bitcoin can be used to pay for things electronically, if the two parties are willing. In that sense, its like conventional dollars, euros, or yen, that are also traded digitally.
Bitcoins most important characteristic is it is decentralized. No single institution controls the bitcoin network. It's maintained by a group of volunteer coders, and run by an open network of committed computers spread around the globe. This attracts individuals and groups that are uncomfortable with the control that banks or government institutions have over their money. .
Bitcoin solves the double spending problem of electronic currencies (in which digital assets can readily be copied and re-used) through an ingenious combination of cryptography and economic incentives. In electronic fiat currencies, this function is fulfilled by banks, which gives them control over the traditional system. Together with bitcoin, the integrity of these transactions is maintained by a distributed and open network, owned by no-one. .
Fiat currencies (dollars, euros, yen, etc.) have an unlimited supply central banks can issue as many as they want, and can try to manipulate a currencys worth relative to others. Holders of this currency (and notably citizens with very little alternative) bear the cost.
While senders of traditional electronic payments are usually identified (for verification purposes, and to comply with anti-money laundering and other legislation), users of bitcoin in theory function in semi-anonymity. Since there's absolutely no central validator, users do not need to identify themselves when sending bitcoin to another user. When a transaction request is submitted, the protocol checks all prior transactions to confirm that the sender gets the necessary bitcoin in addition to the ability to send them.
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In practice, every user is identified with the address of their wallet. Transactions can, with some effort, be tracked this way. Additionally, law enforcement has developed approaches to identify users this link if necessary.
Furthermore, most exchanges are required by legislation to perform identity checks on their clients before they're allowed to buy or sell bitcoin, facilitating another way that bitcoin usage can be monitored. Since the network is transparent, the progress of a specific transaction is visible to all.
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This is because there is no central adjudicator that can say okay, return the money. When a transaction is recorded on the network, and if more than an hour has passed, it's not possible to change.
Even though this might disquiet some, it does mean that any transaction on the bitcoin network cannot be tampered with.
The smallest unit of a bitcoin is referred to as a satoshi. It's one hundred millionth of a bitcoin (0.00000001) at todays prices, roughly one hundredth of a cent. This could conceivably enable microtransactions that traditional electronic money cannot.
Read to find out how bitcoin transactions are processed and the way bitcoins are mined, what it can be used for, in addition to how you can buy, sell and save your bitcoin. In addition, we explain a few alternatives to bitcoin, as well as the way its underlying technology the blockchain works. .
If you want to know what is Bitcoin, the way you can get it and how it can help you, without floundering into technical details, this manual is for you. It'll explain how the system operates, how you can use it for your gain, which scams to avoid. It will also guide you to resources that will help you shop and use your very first parts of digital currency.